IOT bivuga icyegeranyo nyacyo cyo gukusanya ikintu icyo aricyo cyose cyangwa inzira igomba gukurikiranwa, guhuzwa, no gukorana, hamwe nijwi ryayo, urumuri, ubushyuhe, amashanyarazi, ubukanishi, chimie, ibinyabuzima, ahantu hamwe nandi makuru asabwa binyuze muburyo butandukanye bushoboka umuyoboro winjira mubikoresho bitandukanye na tekinoroji nkibikoresho byamakuru, tekinoroji yo kumenyekanisha radiyo, sisitemu yumwanya wisi, sisitemu ya infragre, scaneri ya laser, nibindi. Kugirango umenye isano iri hagati yibintu nibintu, no hagati yibintu nabantu, kandi tumenye imyumvire yubwenge. , kumenyekanisha no gucunga ibintu nibikorwa.Interineti yibintu ni itwara ryamakuru rishingiye kuri interineti, umuyoboro w’itumanaho gakondo, nibindi, bifasha ibintu byose bisanzwe byumubiri bishobora gukemurwa byigenga kugirango bibe umuyoboro uhuza.
Intangiriro kubipimo byitumanaho muri enterineti yibintu kwisi
Ikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho rya interineti yibintu rishobora kugabanywa intera ngufi nintera ndende ukurikije uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso.Ikoranabuhanga rigufi ryogukwirakwiza ukurikije tekinoroji nyamukuru harimo Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Z-Wave, Urudodo, Bluetooth ™, Wi-SUN, nibindi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikoresho bigendanwa nka terefone igendanwa, tableti nibikoresho byambara, cyangwa urugo rwubwenge, uruganda rwubwenge n'amatara yubwenge nibindi bice.Mubihe byashize, tekinoroji yitumanaho intera ndende yari 2G, 3G, 4G nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho rigendanwa.Ariko, bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwo kohereza kuri interineti yibintu (iot), nkumuvuduko mwinshi nubukererwe buke, porogaramu nyinshi za iot zifite uduce duto duto dusabwa hamwe no kwihanganira gutinda cyane, kandi mugihe kimwe bigomba gukenerwa cyane cyangwa byimbitse. mu butaka n'utundi turere dukingiwe cyane.Kubisabwa haruguru, tekinoroji yitumanaho ifite intera ndende nogukoresha ingufu nkeya byatejwe imbere, bizwi hamwe nka Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), kandi NB-IoT nubuhanga nyamukuru bwitumanaho ryitumanaho ryimpushya zabakoresha.Ibikurikira nigishushanyo cyoroshye cyububiko bwa sisitemu ya enterineti.
Ikirere kigufi Wireless itumanaho Ikoranabuhanga: Ikirometero cyanyuma cya Internet yibintu isi
Niba ihitamo ryakozwe ukurikije ibiranga intera ndende ya tekinoroji itumanaho, itumanaho rigufi hamwe na microcontroller rusange igira uruhare runini mubikoresho byanyuma, cyane cyane hamwe na sensor yo gukusanya amakuru.
WIFI: Umuyoboro udafite Wireless ushingiye kuri IEEE 802.11, urashobora gufatwa nkintera ngufi yagutse idafite umugozi wa LAN.Ibyo ukeneye byose gushiraho WIFI ni AP idafite umugozi cyangwa router idafite umugozi, kandi igiciro ni gito.
Zigbee:ishingiye kuri IEEE802.15.4 igipimo cyumuvuduko muke, intera ngufi, gukoresha ingufu nke, uburyo bubiri bwikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho ryitumanaho LAN itumanaho, izwi kandi nka protocole yinzuki.Ibiranga: Gufunga intera, ibintu bigoye, kwishyiriraho gahunda (kwishyiriraho ibiciro, kwikosora, no kwiyobora), gukoresha ingufu nke, hamwe nigipimo gito.Porotokole ya ZigBee igabanijwemo ibice bifatika (PHY), itangazamakuru ryinjira kugenzura (MAC), urwego rwo gutwara abantu (TL), urwego rwurusobe (NWK), hamwe na porogaramu (APL) kuva hasi kugeza hejuru.Igice gifatika hamwe nigitangazamakuru cyo kugenzura kugenzura byubahiriza IEEE 802.15.4.Ikoreshwa cyane cyane kuri Sensor na Igenzura.Irashobora gukora mumirongo itatu yumurongo wa 2.4GHz (ikunzwe kwisi yose), 868MHz (Abanyaburayi bakunzwe) na 915MHz (Abanyamerika bakunzwe), hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa ryinshi rya 250kbit / s, 20kbit / s na 40kbit / s.Intera imwe yohereza intera iri hagati ya 10-75m, ZigBee numuyoboro wogukwirakwiza amakuru utagira umugozi ugizwe numurongo umwe kugeza kuri 65535 wogukwirakwiza amakuru, mumurongo wose, buri moderi yohereza amakuru ya ZigBee irashobora kuvugana nundi, uhereye kuri intera isanzwe ya 75m yo kwaguka kutagira imipaka.Imitsi ya ZigBee ikoresha imbaraga nyinshi, hamwe na bateri zimara amezi atandatu kugeza kumyaka ibiri no kugeza kumyaka 10 muburyo bwo gusinzira,
Z-Wave: Ni tekinoroji ngufi ya tekinoroji itumanaho rishingiye kuri RF, igiciro gito, gukoresha ingufu nke, kwizerwa cyane kandi bikwiranye numuyoboro, iyobowe na Zensys, isosiyete yo muri Danemark.Imirongo yumurongo ikora ni 908.42MHz (USA) ~ 868.42MHz (Uburayi), kandi uburyo bwo guhindura FSK (BFSK / GFSK) bwaremewe.Igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru ni 9,6 kb kugeza kuri 40kb / s, kandi uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso ni 30m mu nzu no hanze ya metero 100 zirenga, bikwiranye no gukoresha umurongo mugari.Z-Wave ikoresha tekinoroji yo gukoresha inzira.Buri rezo ya Z-Wave ifite adresse yayo (HomeID).Aderesi (NodeID) ya buri node muri neti yashinzwe na Mugenzuzi.Buri rusobe rushobora gufata ntarengwa 232 (Abacakara), harimo kugenzura.Zensys itanga Isomero Ihuza Isomero (DLL) kugirango iterambere rya Windows hamwe nabateza imbere imikorere ya API imbere muriyo yo gukora software ya PC.Umuyoboro udafite umugozi wubatswe na tekinoroji ya Z-Wave ntushobora gusa kumenya kugenzura kure ibikoresho byo murugo ukoresheje ibikoresho byurusobe, ariko kandi bigenzura ibikoresho mumurongo wa Z-Wave ukoresheje umuyoboro wa interineti.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-02-2023
